CCTV Wiring & Cabling
Proper cabling is essential for reliable CCTV systems. Learn best practices for coaxial, Ethernet, and power distribution.
Cable Types
Coaxial Cable (RG59, RG6)
Used for analog CCTV systems. Carries video signal from camera to DVR. Maximum recommended run is 500 meters. Two conductors inside insulation.
Twisted Pair (Cat5e, Cat6, Cat6a)
Used for IP/Ethernet cameras. Carries data and sometimes power (PoE). Cat5e for 1Gbps, Cat6 for 10Gbps, Cat6a for 25Gbps. 4 pairs of twisted wires.
Fiber Optic
Used for long-distance transmission and electrical isolation. Immune to interference. More expensive and requires special termination.
Analog CCTV Wiring
Analog systems are simple: one coaxial cable per camera carries video to the DVR.
Installation Guidelines:
- RG59: Standard for short runs under 500m
- RG6: Better shielding, use for longer runs
- Termination: BNC connectors at both ends
- Grounding: Proper grounding prevents hum in video
IP/Network Wiring
IP systems require Ethernet cabling from cameras to network switch or NVR.
Installation Guidelines:
- Cat5e minimum: Supports gigabit Ethernet
- Cat6 recommended: Future-proof, better performance
- PoE support: Power over Ethernet eliminates separate power cables
- Maximum run: 100 meters per spec
Power Distribution
Cameras require power. Analog systems need separate power wiring. IP systems can use Power over Ethernet (PoE).
Analog Power Distribution
Central 12V or 24V power supply with distribution box. Separate wire from power supply to each camera. Requires additional conduit space.
PoE (Power over Ethernet)
IP cameras receive power from Ethernet cable using PoE injector or PoE switch. Single cable handles data and power. Cleaner installation.
UPS Backup
Use Uninterruptible Power Supply for DVR/NVR and network switch. Ensures recording continues during power outages.
Wiring Best Practices
Installation Practices:
- Avoid mixing power and video: Run them in separate conduits
- Proper labeling: Label all cables at ends for troubleshooting
- Slack cable: Leave 10% extra at connections for future adjustments
- Secure routing: Use cable trays and clips to prevent damage
- Avoid sharp bends: Minimum bend radius prevents signal loss