集合住宅向け防犯カメラ：完全設置ガイド

Entrance Lobby

The main entrance lobby is the single most important camera location in any apartment building. Every person entering or leaving the building passes through this point. Install at least two cameras: one facing the main door to capture facial images of everyone entering (mounted at 2.5 to 3 meters, looking slightly downward to avoid backlighting from exterior light), and one overview camera capturing the full lobby area including the reception desk, mailboxes, and elevator bank.

For buildings with a concierge or doorman, position a camera to cover the desk area for staff accountability and visitor logging verification. If the building uses an intercom or video entry system, ensure the CCTV camera supplements rather than replaces the intercom camera — intercom cameras are typically low-resolution and record only during calls, while a dedicated CCTV camera provides continuous coverage.

Secondary entrances, side doors, and service entrances each need their own camera. These are frequently propped open by delivery drivers or used by unauthorized individuals who have learned that side entrances are less monitored. Every door that provides access to the building's interior must have camera coverage.

Elevators

Elevators are enclosed spaces where residents are particularly vulnerable. They are also common locations for vandalism, graffiti, and property damage. Install a vandal-resistant dome camera in each elevator car, mounted in the upper corner opposite the doors. Use a wide-angle lens (2.8mm or wider) to capture the full interior, including the control panel, the door area, and all passengers.

Elevator cameras require special considerations. The camera must operate on the elevator's power circuit and transmit video back to the recorder through a traveling cable or wireless bridge — standard Ethernet cabling cannot be routed through an elevator shaft as it would be damaged by the moving car. Many elevator CCTV installations use coaxial cable through the traveling cable bundle or a wireless transmitter that bridges to a receiver at the top or bottom of the shaft.

Elevator lobby cameras on each floor complement the in-car cameras by capturing who is waiting for the elevator and which direction they go after exiting. This provides continuity of tracking between floors and is especially valuable for investigating incidents that begin in common areas and continue into elevators.

Parking Garage

Underground and multi-level parking garages are among the highest-risk areas in apartment buildings. Poor lighting, limited sightlines, and easy vehicle access make them targets for vehicle break-ins, theft, vandalism, and personal assaults. Camera coverage must address both vehicle security and personal safety.

Install cameras at every vehicle entrance and exit point, capturing license plates of all vehicles entering and leaving. Use bullet cameras with IR capability and narrow fields of view (6 to 12mm lens) aimed at plate height. Supplement entrance cameras with wide-angle cameras covering the full lane to capture the vehicle make, model, and color.

Inside the garage, mount cameras at driving lane intersections, at every pedestrian entrance and stairwell door, and at elevator lobbies. Space cameras to provide overlapping coverage across all parking areas — no parking spot should be more than 15 meters from a camera. Low ceiling heights in many garages (2.5 to 3 meters) actually benefit camera placement by bringing cameras closer to subjects, but require wider lens selections to maintain adequate coverage area.

Ensure all parking garage cameras have strong IR illumination (30 meters minimum range) or that the garage has adequate supplemental lighting. Many garages use dimmed lighting during off-peak hours to save energy, which can render cameras without IR capability useless. Consider cameras with built-in white LED illumination for areas where IR alone does not provide sufficient color detail for vehicle identification.

Corridors and Hallways

Residential corridors on each floor provide the final layer of common-area coverage before residents reach their private apartments. Install cameras at each end of every corridor and at intersections, stairwell doors, and elevator lobbies. Long corridors benefit from cameras with corridor mode — a feature that rotates the image sensor 90 degrees to provide a tall, narrow field of view that matches the corridor shape, maximizing pixel density along the length of the hallway.

Camera placement in corridors must balance security coverage with resident privacy. Do not aim cameras at apartment doors in a way that captures the interior of apartments when doors are opened. Position cameras to cover the corridor traffic flow and stairwell/elevator access points rather than individual apartment entrances. In many jurisdictions, recording private doorways too closely can violate privacy regulations and generate resident complaints that undermine support for the entire system.

Rooftop and Amenity Areas

Rooftop terraces, swimming pools, gyms, and other shared amenity spaces need camera coverage for both liability and safety reasons. A slip-and-fall claim at a pool area or gym can be resolved quickly with clear footage. Rooftop cameras should cover access doors, seating areas, and perimeter railings — both for security and to document any unauthorized or dangerous behavior near building edges.

Outdoor amenity cameras must be weatherproof (IP67 rated minimum) and handle extreme temperature variations, wind, and direct sunlight. Use cameras with true WDR for areas that face open sky where backlighting is constant. For pool areas, position cameras to provide safety coverage without creating surveillance of residents in swimwear from angles that could be perceived as invasive — overhead and wide-angle positions are generally more acceptable than eye-level close-up angles.

Mail Room and Package Area

Package theft is one of the most common complaints in apartment buildings, and it has increased dramatically with the rise of online shopping. Install at least one camera covering the mail room or package storage area, positioned to clearly capture anyone accessing the space and any packages they handle. If the building uses a package locker system, ensure the camera covers both the courier side and the resident pickup side.

In buildings where packages are left in the lobby, a dedicated camera angle covering the package area supplements the lobby overview camera. The lobby overview camera may not have sufficient resolution to identify which package a person picks up, while a dedicated camera at close range can capture package labels, delivery personnel, and the exact moment a package is collected or taken.

Dome Cameras — Best for Corridors and Indoor Common Areas

Dome cameras are the standard choice for apartment corridors, lobbies, and indoor common areas. Their vandal-resistant IK10-rated housings withstand tampering, and their discreet profile blends into residential aesthetics better than bullet cameras. The dome cover conceals the exact direction the camera is pointing, providing a psychological deterrent. For corridors, select models with corridor mode to optimize the field of view for long, narrow spaces. Indoor mini-dome cameras with 2.8mm lenses provide excellent wide-angle coverage for elevator lobbies, mail rooms, and gym areas.

Bullet Cameras — Best for Parking Garages and Exterior Areas

Bullet cameras are the preferred choice for parking garages, building perimeters, and outdoor common areas. Their housing design accommodates larger IR LED arrays for superior night vision at distances of 30 to 50 meters — critical for dimly lit parking structures. Bullet cameras with varifocal lenses (2.8 to 12mm) allow precise adjustment of the field of view during installation, making them versatile for varying garage layouts. For license plate capture at garage entrances, use bullet cameras with 6 to 12mm fixed lenses aimed at plate height. Their visible profile also serves as a stronger deterrent in parking areas where crime risk is highest.

PTZ Cameras — Best for Large Entrance Areas and Courtyards

Pan-tilt-zoom cameras provide flexible coverage for large open areas such as main entrance plazas, courtyards, and outdoor amenity areas. A single PTZ camera can cover a large courtyard by cycling through preset patrol positions, and security staff can manually control the camera to zoom in on suspicious activity in real time. PTZ cameras work best when supplementing fixed cameras — the fixed cameras maintain continuous coverage while the PTZ provides the ability to investigate. For buildings with a manned security station, PTZ cameras give operators the ability to actively respond to incidents rather than passively record them.